Sequential images of integrated micro bubble operations: generation, transportation, and elimination. (a-b) Note that the elimination site is formed by covering the Pt electrode with a 400 Å Teflon layer. A hydrogen-oxygen mixture bubble (250 um dia.) is generated by electrolysis from the top plate and transferred to the bottom plate. (c) The bubble is transported to the left by EWOD (d) and reaches the bubble elimination site. (e) The bubble begins to shrink by the catalytic chemical reaction. (f) The bubble is shrunken down to 10 um in diameter that is then completely removed in a few seconds.